All, both: Quantifiers

All/both: Grammar chart

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All/all the; both/both (the)

We can use both or both the/my/etc. + noun in the same way to refer to two people or things.

• Both students/Both the students passed the exam. 
• They won both matches/both the matches.  

We use all + noun (without the) to refer to things/people in general.

• All students hate homework. (all + plural countable nouns)
• All music makes people feel something. (all + uncountable nouns)

We use all + the/my/etc. + noun to refer to particular people or things.

• All the students in my class hate homework. (all the + plural countable nouns)
• All the music I download makes me feel something. (all the + uncountable nouns)

All (of) the; both (of the)

We can use all/both + of before both/all of the/my/Tom’s + noun. But it is often omitted.

• All (of) the students in my class hate homework.
• Both (of the) students passed the exam. 

But we cannot use both/all of + noun when there isn’t a determiner, i.e. the, my, this etc., before the noun.

• All/Both of students passed the exam.
• All/Both of the students passed the exam.

All/both: word order with pronouns

All of us / both of them / etc. (subject)

We can use all/both of + you/us/them before a verb (as the subject of a sentence).

• All of us were at the party.
• Both of them are wrong. 

❗ Note that of is necessary; we cannot omit it.

• All us were at the party.
• All of us were at the party.

Us all / them both / etc. (object)

We can use you/us/them + all/both after a verb (as the object of a sentence).

• The judge sent them all to jail. (=The judge sent all of them to jail.)
• She loves them both. (=She loves both of them.)

All/both: word order with verbs (mid position)

All and both can be used in mid position. Mid position is:

➟ Before the verb.

• We both like going to the cinema. (=Both of us like going to the cinema.)
• They all left without saying goodbye. (=All of them left without saying goodbye.)

➟ After the verb be when it’s the only verb in a sentence.

• The boys were all happy. (=All the boys were happy.)
• The players are both tired. (=Both [the] players are tired.)

➟ After an auxiliary verb or after the first auxiliary verb if there is more than one.

• They are all going to disappear. (=All of them are going to disappear.)
• The robbers have both been arrested. (=Both [the] robbers have been arrested.)

➟ In questions, mid position is after the subject.

• Have they both finished?